How the campanile in "The Piazza San Marco in Venice" was painted
Have you ever wondered how Canaletto constructed the arches of the campanile in his iconic Piazza San Marco in Venice? While conducting the technical study of the work we discovered some holes and incisions that are visible in the X-ray image.
Canaletto employed a compass to position the four arches in the upper tier of the campanile. The trace of the compass’s needle is visible at the centre of each semicircular arch. Although it was not unusual for painters to employ this instrument, it is striking to find it used over the paint layer.